LITZMANNSTADT GHETTO

According to Oskar Singer, a chronicler of the ghetto, Baluty Market, or Balucki Rynek as it is known in Polish, was the heart and brains of the ghetto...

Here the ghetto was submitted to political and police supervision...

This major thoroughfare connected the northern and the southern sections of Lodz..

Climbing the bridge was an occasion to glance at the world outside of the ghetto...

During the Second World War the church became a part of the ghetto...

After Balucki Rynek, this is the second most central and characteristic place of the Lodz ghetto...

The ghetto postal service was established as early as March 15, 1940...

The German Kripo post was appointed on May 19, 1940, and it went by the name of the "Sonderkommando Getto"...

The Order Service, or the Jewish police as it was often referred to, was set up by Rumkowski on April 11, 1940...

On the west side of Zgierska Street, near the Schupo post, major ghetto institutions and offices were located...

This street played a significant role in the history of the Lodz ghetto. Several important institutions were located in the surroundings of Bazarny Rynek...

On August 12, 1940, Chaim Mordechaj Rumkowski opened the Bank for Purchase of Valuable Objects and Clothing in the building at 7 Ciesielska Street...

The street was located at the very edge of the ghetto, a few steps away from its western border...

Brzezinska Street started at Plac Koscielny at Lagiewnicka Street, and ended at the eastern border of the ghetto...

It began near Plac Koscielny (Church Square), then it ran along Balucki Rynek (Baluty Market), and stretched to the very border of the ghetto...

The recently vandalized building housed the main ghetto hospital and Chaim Mordechaj Rumkowski's apartment during the war...

During the ghetto years, a medical center called Hospital No.4 was located at 7 Mickiewicza St., what is today Tokarska Street...

Before the war, the Poznanski factory hospital was located here. The building was situated next to the ghetto border, not far from the huge factory complex established by the great Jewish industrialist, but located in the Aryan part of Lodz...

Until September 1942, the Home for the Aged and the Homeless Shelter were located in this building. After the deportation of the elderly during the so-called "shpera", a hospital specializing in the treatment of contagious diseases was set up here...

Chronicler Oskar Singer called Dworska Street the artery, or even the stomach of the ghetto, since it housed the most important departments: the Supplies Department, the Kitchens Department, the Transport Department and the Dairy Headquarters...

This factory, a manufacturer of underwear and dresses, was under the direction of Leon Glazer. When it began production at the beginning of 1941, the Glazer factory had 77 machines and 157 workers...

Little remains on this small street from the ghetto era. There were many buildings on Sw. Jakuba Street at that time, but only one still exists...

This was the longest street in the ghetto. One of the German guardhouses was located at its most southern end, in the former security post of the Biedermann palace...

During the years 1940-41, in what was the first phase of the ghetto, this building belonged to the Mariawits parish. Schools operated here, both in the front and in the rear....

When the German occupiers set up the ghetto, the large synagogues of Lodz were gutted within months. The Nazis destroyed these gorgeous structures in November 1939...

This was the northeastern part of the ghetto, where many wooden houses, previously inhabited mainly by Poles, were located...

During the ghetto years, Marysinska Street ran a slightly different way than it does today. Beginning in the autumn of 1941, the Marysinska Street building was reinstated within the ghetto border....

The arts carried on within the confines of the ghetto, and a big part of that cultural life took place in this small building. Concerts, theater performances, exhibitions and poetry readings were held here...

The buildings that once made up the Central Prison where ghetto inmates served their court sentences no longer exist. The location was also an assembly point for people destined for the Nazi labor and death camps...

The trams in the ghetto run along Zgierska and Limanowskiego streets. Only Aryans were allowed to travel the city by tram...

This large square, now called Plac Piastowski, was the site where ghetto inmates were publicly executed...

The Old Jewish Cemetery was once located in what is today bordered by Limanowskiego, Bazarowa, Rybna and Zachodnia streets. It was completely destroyed when Zachodnia Street was extended...

This is the largest Jewish cemetery in Europe, covering more than 40 hectares. About 230,000 Jews are buried here...

In the late autumn of 1941, the so-called Gypsy camp was established bordered by what is today called Wojska Polskiego, Obroncow Westerplatte, Sikawska and Glowackiego streets...

In December 1942, a camp for Polish children and youth (Polenjugendverwahrlager der Sicherheitspolizei in Litzmannstadt) was established in a separate area within the confines of the ghetto...

This is one of the most important historical sites connected to the Lodz ghetto. From this place, tens of thousands of people were herded off to the death camp at Chelmno-nad-Nerem in the years 1942-1944 and then to Auschwitz in August 1944...